It’s urgent to replenish the sow’s blood.

Release time: 2019-03-08

【Summary Description】

 

Preface

 

Iron and blood supplementation for newborn piglets is a well-known practice that has become a standard procedure in pig farming. However, few people supplement iron and blood for sows—such an idea is rarely even considered, let alone incorporated into a standardized production protocol!

Little do people realize that the economic losses caused by anemia in sows far exceed those caused by anemia in piglets!

 

 

 

 
 

To reduce the harmful effects of anemia in sows and improve the economic efficiency of pig farming, the author elaborates on the current situation and significance of sow anemia from several perspectives.

 
 

 

 

I. Current Status Survey of Anemia in Sows

In the course of providing technical services, the author conducted a survey of sows at pig farms of various sizes and found that many sows exhibited pale, rough skin, emaciation with long hair, pale or jaundiced mucous membranes, and poor reproductive performance. Moreover, even after intensive nutritional supplementation, many sows remained thin.

Blood tests conducted on these sows using a hemoglobin analyzer revealed a common finding: severe anemia in the sows! At the same time, blood tests were also performed on some sows that appeared perfectly normal, and these tests likewise showed varying degrees of anemia. This finding is largely consistent with reports from relevant literature: in pig-raising developed countries such as Denmark and the United States, more than 75% of sows suffer from anemia; in China, the prevalence of anemia—whether mild or severe—in sows exceeds 90%!

 

 

II. The Dangers of Anemia in Sows

The investigation revealed that sows with severe anemia generally exhibit suboptimal health conditions: they are thin, have pale skin, have difficulty coming into heat, are prone to estrus recurrence, experience prolonged labor, suffer from dystocia, show an increase in stillbirths and white fetuses, produce more weak piglets, have poor vitality, lack milk production, are susceptible to diarrhea, have low survival rates, wean piglets with low body weights, have shorter reproductive lifespans, and face high culling rates!

Red blood cells not only serve as carriers that deliver oxygen to the body’s tissue cells and remove carbon dioxide, but they also function as immune cells that recognize antigens, transport antigens, and carry immune complexes. Anemia in sows not only leads to insufficient oxygen supply to the body’s tissue cells, thereby impairing the energy production capacity of mitochondria—the body’s “power plants”—and hindering the normal functioning of various organs, but it also weakens the body’s immune system, reduces its disease resistance, and makes it more susceptible to illness.

Anemia of varying degrees in sows directly affects their reproductive performance. Anemia in a sow can cause economic losses ranging from several hundred yuan at the lower end to over a thousand yuan—or even several thousand yuan—at the higher end. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to replenish the sow’s blood.

 

 

III. Causes of Anemia in Sows

Despite intensive, large-scale pig farming and the use of complete, balanced feed for sows, why do they still suffer from anemia? The reasons behind anemia in sows are numerous—and it’s not simply a matter of inadequate nutritional supply. Supplementing iron does not automatically mean replenishing blood. Just as a food-processing plant needs not only sufficient raw materials that can be fully utilized but also high-performance production equipment, adequate energy sources, proper lubricants, and timely maintenance and care to enhance productivity and prevent unexpected issues like mold or spoilage—similarly, the mechanism by which sows produce and maintain blood is analogous to how a food plant manufactures food. Anemia occurs precisely because one or more of these critical steps have gone awry. The raw materials required for blood production include amino acids, carbohydrates, and divalent iron ions; the bone marrow and spleen serve as the “machinery” for blood formation; folate and vitamin B12 provide the “power and lubrication” necessary for this process; and the body’s immune system acts as the “maintenance and care” that keeps the entire system functioning smoothly.

 

The causes of anemia in sows can be broadly categorized as follows:

 

1. Nutritional anemia: Anemia can be categorized into iron-deficiency anemia and anemia caused by insufficient or imbalanced protein and energy intake, leading to inadequate hemoglobin synthesis. Why do sows become iron-deficient? First, intensive farming practices deprive pigs of the freedom to consume green forage, thereby eliminating their opportunity to obtain readily absorbable iron sources. The environment in which sows typically live provides mainly ferric iron (Fe³⁺), whereas pig hematopoiesis can only utilize ferrous iron ions (Fe²⁺) and cannot directly absorb ferric iron. Second, the first-generation iron sources added to feed are inorganic iron compounds, which have an absorption and utilization rate of only 3% to 5%. Moreover, the amount that can be added is limited—for example, ferrous sulfate has poor palatability, competes with other minerals for absorption, and may also degrade vitamins and cause iron toxicity. Third, even second-generation organic iron sources such as ferric citrate and ferric citric acid, though more bioavailable at around 30%, still compete with other minerals for absorption and utilization. Fourth, the third-generation iron sources currently widely used—such as amino acid chelated iron and dextran iron—also exhibit less-than-ideal absorption and utilization rates, hovering around 60%, and are subject to numerous factors that influence their absorption and utilization. Fifth, the fourth-generation organic iron sources—such as chlorophyll iron and porphyrin iron—that are currently under extensive research, although they can achieve a 100% utilization rate, suffer from unstable storage due to manufacturing processes and are highly prone to oxidation into ferric iron, thus losing their effectiveness. In addition to iron-deficiency anemia, nutritional anemia in sows can also result from an imbalance or insufficiency in the protein-to-energy ratio, which reduces the body's ability to synthesize hemoglobin, leading to hypochromic anemia. Furthermore, deficiencies in vitamin B12 and folic acid can also impair the enzymatic machinery responsible for hemoglobin synthesis, similarly causing anemia.

2. Aplastic Anemia: If the function of hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and spleen declines due to causes like poisoning, it can lead to insufficient production of blood cells and result in anemia.

3. Hemorrhagic anemia: For example, diseases such as hemoparasitosis, various hemolytic disorders, and various infectious hemorrhagic diseases can cause the destruction of red blood cells in the blood, leading to hemoglobin dissolution and anemia.

4. Decline in sow immunity: When the functions of organs and tissues decline, the hematopoietic capacity of the blood-forming organs also diminishes simultaneously. This is precisely the type of anemia caused by qi deficiency leading to blood deficiency—where the blood fails to nourish the qi, and the qi fails to generate blood.

 

IV. Rescue Measures for Anemia in Sows

Supplementing iron doesn't equate to replenishing blood. To truly restore both qi and blood, you need to address both aspects simultaneously—achieving twice the result with half the effort.

1. Ensure adequate and balanced protein and energy intake.

2. Provide stable ferrous iron ions that can be fully absorbed and utilized.

3. Provide adequate amounts of folic acid and vitamin B12 to ensure the smooth synthesis of hemoglobin and red blood cells.

4. Enhancing the body’s immune function and ensuring the normal hematopoietic activity of the bone marrow and spleen—experiments have demonstrated that boosting the body’s immunity can increase the hematopoietic function of bone marrow hematopoietic cells by as much as 90%.

5. Feeding Xue Yuan Kang Xueyuan Kang is a fourth-generation organic iron supplement designed to replenish blood. It contains chlorophyll-bound iron and porphyrin-bound iron—also known as biomimetic iron. Thanks to its unique manufacturing process, the divalent iron ions are less likely to oxidize into trivalent iron ions, ensuring 100% absorption. The supplement also includes an adequate amount of folic acid and vitamin B12, which significantly boost the synthesis of hemoglobin. To enhance bone marrow and spleen hematopoietic functions, strengthen the body’s disease resistance, and improve immunity, Xueyuan Kang incorporates traditional Chinese herbs such as Rehmannia glutinosa preparata, Codonopsis pilosula, and Polygonatum odoratum—herbs that tonify both qi and blood—thereby greatly boosting the hematopoietic capacity of the blood-forming organs. Through this perfect combination of multiple components, Xueyuan Kang fully unblocks the pathways of hematopoiesis. Sows fed with 500 grams per ton throughout their entire gestation period, or supplemented with 1,000 grams per ton in the pre- and post-partum periods, show marked improvements in anemia, enhanced disease resistance, rosy skin, glossy hair, strong uterine contractions, and shortened farrowing duration by 1 to 1.5 hours. Additionally, the number of healthy piglets increases, milk production improves, average weaning weight rises by 420 to 530 grams, and sows return to estrus more quickly after weaning.

 

V. Supplementing blood in sows is of great significance.

It's never too late to mend the fold after a sheep is lost—every moment counts.

Replenishing blood is equivalent to supplying oxygen to the body’s cells, thereby indirectly boosting energy levels. With sufficient oxygen and energy, cellular life can thrive, and cellular functions can operate normally. From cells to tissues, organs, and systems—when cellular vitality is robust, the functions of all systems become vigorous, and processes such as growth, reproduction, lactation, and immunity are all enhanced. As a result, the sow’s reproductive performance will naturally improve significantly.